Digital Geography Lab presented the latest research at Mobile Tartu 2022

It was our honour and pleasure to attend the 8th Mobile Tartu conference organized by the Mobility Lab of the University of Tartu, Estonia. The event was once again scientifically fruitful and socially rewarding exactly the way how the founder of the conference, the late professor Rein Ahas had envisioned it!

The members of the Digital Geography Lab were well represented in organising PhD workshops, presenting latest research from various projects, chairing sessions and moderating a panel discussion.

 

Olle Järv and Oleksandr Karasov organized a PhD workshop on “Social media sources as a tool to monitor cross-border mobility”, and Christoph Fink and Tuuli Toivonen together with our former group member Age Poom organized a PhD workshop on “Data and tools for environmental exposure assessment during urban mobility”.

Continue reading “Digital Geography Lab presented the latest research at Mobile Tartu 2022”

Two new studies on revealing cross-border mobility and border regions

One of the goals of the BORDERSPACE project at the Digital Geography Lab is to examine whether and how social media data such as geo-located Twitter data can reveal cross-border mobility of people and provide new insights for understanding border regions. We demonstrate the feasibility of using Twitter data in two different recently published studies – the first study from the Greater Region of Luxembourg and the second study from the Nordic countries.

 

Study #1: Revealing mobilities of people to understand cross-border regions: insights from Luxembourg using social media data”

Published in European Planning Studies

Authors: Olle Järv, Håvard W. Aagesen, Tuomas Väisänen & Samuli Massinen

Conceptually, our approach was to make big data small and meaningful by: 1) using a bottom-up concept of activity space (e.g. Järv et al., 2014); 2) using mobility as a tool to capture individual activity spaces; and 3) contextualizing mobility from the border perspective.

Figure 1. The conceptual framework of data collection and data enrichment using the activity space approach to reveal cross-border mobilities and its motives from an individual perspective.

Continue reading “Two new studies on revealing cross-border mobility and border regions”

Vuoden avoin oppimateriaali -palkinto 2022 CRITICAL-hankkeen maantieteilijöille

Teksti: Petteri Muukkonen

CRITICAL-hankkeen maantieteilijöiden tiimi Helsingin yliopistosta palkittiin kautta aikain ensimmäisellä kansallisella Vuoden avoin oppimateriaali -palkinnolla. Palkinnon myönsi Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen kansallisen koordinaation sihteeristö, joka toimii osana Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskuntaa. Aiemmin on jaettu vain avoimen tieteen edistämisestä palkintoja, mutta nyt ensimmäistä kertaa palkittiin myös avoimen oppimisen edistäjiä. Palkinto jaettiin Avoimen tieteen kesäpäivien yhteydessä 31.5.2022. Työpaketin vetäjä Petteri Muukkonen on yhdessä muiden CRITICAL-hankkeen maantieteen tutkijoiden sekä opettamansa projektikurssin opiskelijaryhmän kanssa laatinut avoimia oppimateriaaleja paikkatiedon ja geomedian opetukseen käytettäväksi eri koulutustasoilla – esimerkiksi maantieteen lukio-opetuksessa tai yliopistossa kandivaiheen opiskelijoiden kanssa.

TSV:n Petteri Muukkoselle, CRITICAL-hankkeelle sekä GIS project work -kurssin opiskelijoille myöntämä diplomi. (Oikeanpuoleinen kuva: TAUSTA 123RTF, Diplomikuva Ilmari Jauhiainen)

Continue reading “Vuoden avoin oppimateriaali -palkinto 2022 CRITICAL-hankkeen maantieteilijöille”

Geoparsing: How to gain location information from (Finnish) texts?

Author: Tatu Leppämäki

In a nutshell: A geoparser recognizes place names and locates them in a coordinate space. I explored this topic in my thesis and developed an open source geoparser for Finnish texts: find it in this GitHub repo. 

As geographers, we are interested in the spatial aspects of data: where something is located is a prerequisite to the follow-up questions of whys and hows. Of the almost innumerable data sources available online – news articles, social media feeds, digital libraries – a good portion are wholly or partly text-based. Texts and the opinions and sentiments within are often related to space through toponyms (place names). For us humans, it’s very easy to understand a sentence like “I’m enjoying currywurst in Alexanderplatz, Berlin” and the spatial reference there, but geographical information systems process data in unambiguous coordinates. To bridge this gap between linguistic and geospatial information, the text must be analyzed and transformed: in other words, it must be parsed. This is the motivation for the development of geoparsers. 

Geoparsing: what and why 

Geoparsing can be divided into two sub-tasks: toponym recognition and toponym resolution. In the former, the task is to find toponyms amidst the text flows and in the second, to correctly locate the recognized toponyms. A geoparser wraps this process and outputs structured geodata. 

Geoparsing: a top-level view. 

Continue reading “Geoparsing: How to gain location information from (Finnish) texts?”

Geomediaosaaminen esillä Geoinformatiikan tutkimuspäivillä 9.-10.5.2022

Geoinformatiikan tutkimuspäivät kokoavat vuosittain yhteen paikkatietoalan osaajia eri organisaatioista. Tapahtuma järjestettiin vuonna 2022 Helsingin yliopiston Kumpulan kampuksella 9.-10.5.2022. Mukana oli n. 80 kuulijaa, osa paikan päällä, ja osa etäyhteyden kautta. CRITICAL-hanke oli tiistaina 10.5. esillä sessiossa Teaching and learning map and GI skills in various age groups and education levels. Sessio koostui kolmesta esityksestä sekä lyhyestä johdannosta:

  • Petteri Muukkonen, HY. Session johdanto. Katso tallenne.
  • Petteri Muukkonen, HY. CRITICAL-project: Educating critical literacy skills on geomedia and thematic maps. Katso tallenne.
  • Martin Hanus, Charles University, Tsekki, Maps as tools for the development of geographical thinking. Katso tallenne.
  • Sirpa Ojansuu, HY. Kasvattamassa nuoria osallistuviksi kansalaisiksi: kansalaisten kartta- ja paikkatietotaidot tukemassa kaavoitushankkeisiin osallistumista. Katso tallenne.

Koko tapahtuman ohjelma.

Helsingin yliopiston kriittisen geomedialukutaidon tutkimustiimi on osa Strategisen tutkimuksen neuvoston (STN) rahoittamaa CRITICAL-tutkimushanketta.  Tiimissä työskentelevät:
Petteri Muukkonen (tiiminvetäjä, yliopistonlehtori, tutkija, aineenopettaja)
Tua Nylén (tutkija, aineenopettaja)
Markus Jylhä (yliopisto-opettaja, aineenopettaja, viestintävastaava)
Panu Lammi (väitöskirjatutkija, aineenopettaja)
Laura Hynynen (tutkimusavustaja, varhaiskasvatuksen opettaja)
Ronja Päivärinta (harjoittelija)
Michaela Söderholm (harjoittelija)

Modelling and understanding greenery on the scale of people: A look into Jussi Torkko’s MSc thesis

Author: Jussi Torkko

The highlights of the study

Throughout late 2020 and 2021, with the help of Digital Geography Lab, I did my master’s thesis on modelling and understanding how people experience greenery. Most often greenery is observed from a top-down point of view, through the sensors of aerial vehicles or satellites. However, we do not know sufficiently well how greenery measures captured from high above match the true greenery experience by the people on the ground level. This experienced greenery is termed human-scale greenery for this thesis. Methods for modelling and quantifying human-scale greenery are based on data sources like street view images or LiDAR. Similarly to the top-down perspective, it is not known how well these data and methods reflect the experience of people.

This lack of knowledge is what I set out to solve with this thesis. By comparing greenery assessments collected from people by interviews to modelled greenery values from the same locations, I was able to show that all tested greenery modelling methods have a strong linear relationship with the greenery that people experience. However, the results also revealed that the modelling methods underestimate the amount of greenery people perceive and that while the modelled values share a strong relationship with surveyed greenery, there are significant deviations between the modelled and perceived values. Also interestingly, methods created specifically for quantifying human-scale greenery do not always appear to have an advantage over traditional top-down greenery assessment methods.

While interviewing people, I also collected limited sociodemographic data of the respondents. I found that age may affect people’s relationship with greenery, but this could not be confirmed with certainty. However, it was clear that people with less experience of nature and belonging to the age group around 30 years were met more frequently at study sites with low greenery values than other groups of respondents. In future studies, additional attention should thus be given to how people can experience human-scale greenery. More detailed descriptions of the results for both modelled and sociodemographic pathways can be found in the thesis.

Continue reading “Modelling and understanding greenery on the scale of people: A look into Jussi Torkko’s MSc thesis”

New study on cyclists’ behaviour in Finland

(C) Christoph Fink

Authors: Steve O’Hern (Tampere University), Elias Willberg (University of Helsinki), Christoph Fink (University of Helsinki), Sergio Useche (University of Valencia)

Highlights:

    • We have published a new study on cyclists’ behaviour in Finland in the journal Safety together with researchers from Tampere University and the University of Valencia
    • Using a survey, we aimed at understanding the behaviour and attitudes of bicycle riders in Finland.
    • Our results show that Finnish bicycle riders report low errors and violations, and high levels of knowledge regarding traffic rules, which is consistent with previous similar studies from other countries.
    • Most participants also report low levels of aggression, which is generally dealt with in constructive ways,
    • Anger was most commonly reported a result of interactions with motor vehicles and less with other road users such as pedestrians,
    • The results point to a need for further separation between bicycle riders and motorised vehicles. Furthermore, we recommend to encourage positive behaviour and train risk perception among those engaging in risky behaviors.

Continue reading “New study on cyclists’ behaviour in Finland”

Wrapping up my unforgettable stay at the Digital Geography Lab as a visiting member

Author: Bryan R. Vallejo (@BryanRVallejo)

I remember one day when I was carrying out research about the accessibility of elderly population in the context of the steep streets of the historical center of Quito, Ecuador. I found an outstanding paper related to accessibility modelling as a function of time. Since then, I started reading papers written by the members of the Digital Geography Lab (DGL) and my curiosity about their work in geography got awaken. I hoped that one day I will be able to learn from them and gain understanding how to examine our society through digital data and novel tools. Surprisingly, after a year and a half, I am a former visitor of DGL, and I can truly say that this experience was life changing!

Thanks to the University of Tartu, I got the opportunity to be an exchange student during my master studies in geoinformatics. I wanted to learn geospatial analysis and Python programming, and advance my skills in the well-known Python courses given by the members of DGL. The courses taken at the University of Helsinki were an excellent match, and fortunately, I was able to use my new coding skills when joining DGL as a trainee in the BORDERSPACE project under the supervision of Olle Järv.

Continue reading “Wrapping up my unforgettable stay at the Digital Geography Lab as a visiting member”

Open spatial data reveals 24-hour population dynamics of people in Helsinki Metropolitan Area

Press release

The researchers of the Digital Geography Lab at the University of Helsinki have published spatial data describing the daily rhythms in the population distribution in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area as open data.

Spatial population distribution in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area between 11-12 AM on a regular workday. The diagrams show the variation of the population in given locations during 24 hours from the daily average. (Bergroth et al. 2022)

Their article in the journal Scientific Data describes how the data set was created based on mobile phone data, and how it can be used. This is one of the first times that detailed dynamic population data is released openly for any city of the world. Continue reading “Open spatial data reveals 24-hour population dynamics of people in Helsinki Metropolitan Area”

Taidot käyttää ja kriittisesti tulkita geomediaa ovat tärkeitä maantieteen opetuksessa

Kirjoittajat: Petteri Muukkonen, Virpi Hirvensalo, Tua Nylén, Markus Jylhä, Laura Hynynen & Panu Lammi

Uutisissa, medioissa ja jopa verkossa kiertävissä meemeissä on nopeasti saatavilla runsaasti informaatiota eri puolilta maailmaa. Tällainen informaatio – tilastot, kuvat, videot ym. – luo kuvan maailmasta ympärillämme. Siksi geomediataidot ovat merkittävä osa maantieteen opetusta.

Opetussunnitelmien perusteissa ei kuitenkaan tällä hetkellä kuvata tarkasti, mitä geomedian käsitteellä tarkoitetaan ja millaista osaamista oppilailta tai opiskelijoilta edellytetään. Strategisen tutkimuksen neuvoston (STN) rahoittamassa CRITICAL-hankkeessa tutkimme kriittistä geomedian lukutaitoa – ja onkin ollut tärkeää aloittaa kartoittamalla opettajien näkemyksiä ja kokemuksia siitä. Aluksi haastattelimme geomediaa opetuksessaan hyödyntäviä aineenopettajia ja luokanopettajia sekä opettajankouluttajia siitä, mitä he ymmärtävät geomediataidoilla ja – ennen kaikkea – kriittisellä geomedian lukutaidolla.

Haastatteluiden perusteella aloimme hahmotella oppilaiden geomediataitojen tikapuita, jotka voivat toimia tulevaisuudessa maantieteen opetuksen suunnittelun apuna ja tukena. Haastattelujen tuloksista kirjoitamme tieteellisen julkaisun, jossa paneudumme geomediataitojen osaamisen ikäkausittaisiin vaatimuksiin. Mielestämme tällainen malli auttaa sekä maantieteen opettajia että opetuksen suunnittelijoita jäsentämään opetukseen ja oppimiseen kohdistuvia odotuksia ja vaatimuksia. Lisäksi tällainen osaamisen kehittymisen ja syventymisen malli auttaa rakentamaan maantieteen opetusta kriittiset geomediataidot (tuottaminen, käyttäminen ja analysointi) huomioiden.

Kriittisen geomedian lukutaidon avulla lukija tunnistaa ja ymmärtää, että kaikki informaatio ei ole laadukkaasti tuotettua, ei pidä paikkaansa tai saattaa jopa tahallaan liioitella tai vääristää oikealta vaikuttavaa tietoa.

Continue reading “Taidot käyttää ja kriittisesti tulkita geomediaa ovat tärkeitä maantieteen opetuksessa”