E-reader II: Rise of the tablets

This is a followup (“sequel”, if you will) to my initial e-reader post. [Low, raspy male narrator voice:] “As the year 2011 begins, the electronic book market has seen a bit more action than anticipated during the last year, at least on the device side of things thanks to a major player stirring the kettle – Apple with its iPad [Wikipedia] made tablet computing sexy again…” [youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2Hz8dhQw8Q] Apple’s products usually generate a lot of emotions, and are often the subject of some humour as well… [youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eF0y0IfpPU] The iPad is more of a big iPhone without the phone capabilities, using a normal backlit touch display (albeit a high quality one). It is capable of browsing the net, watching videos and of course reading e-books but doesn’t offer the paper-like readability and battery life of the e-ink readers. But its sheer versatility and 10 hours battery life might be enough to make dedicated reading devices less desirable – hopefully this competition will speed up the evolution of the paper-like display even more. Apple also launched its iBookstore alongside the iPad, so they do have e-books in mind with the device alongside games, music & movies… although becoming the replacement for news(papers) might be what the iPad really is aiming for where consuming digital text is concerned. This is hinted by the imminent launch of  media mogul Rupert Murdoch’s The Daily [engadget.com], an iPad exclusive 7-days a week news magazine. Amazon, currently holding the “iPod”-status of e-readers with its Kindle-line  launched two generations of Kindles (now in its 3rd generation) since my last post in 2009, including Kindle DX [amazon.com] which is specifically targeted for reading textbooks & articles with an A4-sized screen – although it’s not apparently perfect yet for academia, at least according to  Princeton University students [The Daily Princetonian] who tested the device extensively. The Kindle also launched worldwide – you can now order it from Amazon.com and it works in most welfare states. [youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gotyZNvtc44] The free 3G-wireless functionality that enables you to buy books & browse magazine content is a bit crippled in Europe or not available in some countries (in Finland you can buy books from Amazon and browse Wikipedia, but that’s it). The large bookstore Barnes & Noble have also entered the ring with their e-ink reader called “Nook” and the “Nook Color”, which is an Android tablet more like the iPad but cheaper & smaller. As a big bookstore they apparently have a similar business model to Amazon,  where the books can be read on their Nook-devices and on PC:s & iPhones. As a novelty, these books have DRM that allows them to be “lent” to a friend for up to 14 days, during which you cannot access the book yourself. All in all, during 2009-2010 you could definitely watch the Wikipedia comparison list of different e-ink readers [wikipedia.org] grow, and the prices got lower too.

New technology

The black & white e-ink displays improved during 2010 with the new Pearl-type displays, and the company making these – E Ink Corporation. – also unveiled a colour e-ink display [crunchgear.com], which however still is too slow a technology for moving images and it “only” has 4096 colours (the Amiga HAM-mode [wikipedia.org] comes to mind) and apparently the colour images look a bit desaturated on this type of e-paper. There is also a new type of low-power LCD-display marketed as Pixel Qi (as is the name of the company producing it), which can enter a special black & white mode without backlight that makes text easy to read and keeps power consumption low. The first tablet computer using this display is called the Adam [wikipedia.org], and has been surrounded by a lot of hype. Thanks to the Pixel Qi-display, it combines the good features of e-ink readers with iPad tablet-like features. An interesting device for sure! [youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGUKHDBoTEc]

The devices are there – where are the books (in Europe)?!

OK, it’s fairly trivial to get a dedicated device for reading e-books today. The problem is finding the books – there are many stores and few of them have all the titles you would like “in stock”, but the bigger problem is that they most likely only sell to US or UK customers (if we’re talking about English books, how the situation is for other languages beats me). Also, the  prices of the e-books themselves are of course more expensive in Europe as shipping e-books overseas is soooo expensive through the internet. And the books are often crippled with DRM, requiring additional software or bookstore-approved devices to be able to read them. Globalization is funny in  the way that companies may freely go to where labour is the cheapest, but the consumer may not buy the product where it is sold at the cheapest price. Free markets my… er, donkey. So, e-books (like all digital content) are facing the dilemma where old rules of distribution really shouldn’t apply anymore, but they are artificially upheld. But some publishers “get” e-books, and in my last post I also mentioned sci-fi publisher Baen, who have the e-book store Webscriptions. That’s were I purchased my first e-book from, and it went really nicely. No DRM, I can download it as many times I like, the price was right… and I could read a free book by the same author first to see if I wanted to buy more, which I did. At the moment a good bet is to use an e-book search engine / price comparison site like Luzme [luzme.com], which also shows you if you can buy the book outside the US/UK. So, the devices are there and sales of e-books are growing [idpf.org] – now it’s just about finding the content. And academics might be better of with a tablet like iPad or Adam for the time being, since they currently offer the functionality that research requires – flipping through tons of short articles while bookmarking and making notes. The slow e-ink readers are still king for novels. Now excuse me, I think I’ll watch some TV… Official soundtrack to this post Somewhat related to literature [youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BW3gKKiTvjs]
E-book
 

E-reader: first impressions

Sony Reader PRS-505Having recently acquired the Sony Reader PRS-505 [trustedreviews.com] courtesy of a friendly New York -bound vet (thanks Elise!), I’ve now read a couple of books on this device utilizing an “electronic paper” -type display a.k.a. E-ink [wikipedia.org] and am ready to give my first impressions of it. “So why yet another gadget, Kristian? Can’t you read text from your computer display? What about the feeling of REAL books, books that look good on your shelf?” you might be asking, but despite flat panel LCD:s being quite OK to read from nowadays, they’re still not a match for traditional ink on paper when it comes to readability. With physical books, shelf space is always running out and frankly, some of the sci-fi stuff I read, the books generally have embarassing covers… 😉

Two good reasons for one more gadget 

Electronic paper, which has been touted since the 1970’s is now finally becoming mature enough for consumer products, and here are THE two good reasons why this is a worthwile technology:

  1. Particles in the electronic paper display switch physical states and create an effect that is very similar to ink on paper which is easy on the eyes, has minimal glare and comes without an annoying backlight behind the screen (so you actually need the bedside lamp switched on just like you need with a traditional book)
  2. Once the text/picture has formed on the display, it does not need to be refreshed (or backlit) thus using much less power than traditional display technologies. One charge on the device is sufficient for months of reading (or, a month at least during my first trial)

These two factors are the significantly important (p < 0.05) things that an e-reader offers compared to other devices. The reading experience and energy consumption, folks. Oh, and the fact that you can cram hundreds of books in the built-in memory and on external memory cards making it the ultimate portable library. Limitations there are as well, alas, current e-book readers are black & white only (8 levels of greyscale in this case) and refresh times are much slower than with traditional displays, meaning there is a flickering lag (slightly less than a second) when you refresh the display with another page. So don’t plan on watching movies on these things.

Impressions after the first book

The device itself is a nice, slim design – the reader looks good (= your coolness factor goes up when you whip it out in public, always important) and feels solid thanks to its metal casing, and it comes attached to a faux-leather “book cover” which nicely protects the screen as well. It is clear within seconds to probably anyone that reading text on e-paper is much nicer than reading from a laptop or mobile phone screen. The contrast is good and while it’s more like reading a laser printer draft on slightly ashen paper (“…a bit of volcano fallout in the air today?”), it still beats any other screen I’ve tried when it comes to replacing real paper. And because of the way the reader works, you don’t have to think about powering the device off when you take a break from reading, just throw – or, rather, gently place, these things are still a *lot* more fragile than paperbacks – the reader on the bedside or in your bag and think nothing about it. Convenient.

A pleasant surprise is the multitude of (open) formats supported, which is untypical of Sony. The Amazon Kindle [wikipedia.org], for example, is quite married with its own e-book format (and US customers currently), whereas the Sony reader can read several common formats, including the “new standard”, EPUB [openbook.org]. It supports PDF’s as well, but these (esp. big files) are still problematic for the small reader screen; zooming in on text doesn’t work that well and you really need to convert the PDF to a reader-friendly format first for best effect. This is something I will try out more later, however.

Generally speaking, reading with the device went well, I was not annoyed by the flicker/pause when flipping a page and the user interface works fine. The buttons for switching pages aren’t perhaps optimally placed for my tastes, a small quibble.

Oh, and the first book I read? Here.

Who is it for, really?

Despite its stylish looks, this e-book reader is clearly still early technology – it feels a bit like riding a steam engine locomotive when you can already see maglev trains on the horizon. But when e-paper devices become cheaper, tougher, more versatile (they can be made flexible [readius.com], for example) and display colour I do feel like this will be a great way for researchers and students to carry articles and course books with them in a portable fashion. And traditional newspapers could benefit from e-paper as well [businessinsider.com]. Already the more expensive e-book readers come with touch screens enabling comments in handwriting or drawing on the e-paper and similar stuff, thus bringing them closer to normal computers than simply passive reading devices.

The PDF-support is not there yet, however, and the relative sluggishness of the displays makes flipping through pages not quite as smooth an experience as it should be, so in current form I suspect these devices aren’t yet the portable article repositories academics would like to have but wait a few years… so if you’re thinking about downloading the latest research papers on the reader for a quick browse, forget about it.

Another thing is the cost of content and possible DRM restrictions on e-books – prices for commercial books are still too high compared to the paper versions, so I don’t know how many books I actually will purchase for this system. Maybe I’ll read all the free classics I can get first, but it would be really nice to read contemporary content as well.

Currently the e-book readers (at least the one tested) are very good for people who read a lot of novels – as the price is high, you’ll need to read a lot to justify the cost compared to traditional books. But reading from a dedicated e-book reader is just that much better than any other digital solution, so it’s worth trying out!

Further (e-)reading:

Wikipedia has a list of e-book readers here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_e-book_readers

Jere Majava tests another e-book reader (Bebook):
https://blogs.helsinki.fi/jeremajava/2008/10/16/ensikokemuksia-bebookista/

MobileRead – a good site for e-book enthusiasts, with free classics available as well:
http://www.mobileread.com/