New paper out! Environmental exposure during travel: A research review and suggestions forward

Age Poom, Elias Willberg, Tuuli Toivonen

Our seminal research review paper on environmental exposures during travel is now published in the journal Health & Place! https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102584 

Urban travel environments exposure people to a range of environmental conditions, such as traffic noise, air pollution or street-level greenery. These exposures may cause both positive and negative health and wellbeing consequences. Knowledge of the dynamics of environmental exposures during travel, and their social and health outcomes would help improve the liveability and sustainability of our cities through evidence-based transport and urban planning.

We conducted a systematic review of the scholarly literature on environmental exposure during travel. We aimed to understand the state of the art of the research field and identify areas for further studies. We identified 104 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles worldwide. The research field is clearly emerging with increasing number of studies published each year. The distribution of the study areas indicates a global bias in the research field towards western cities, where the research tradition is longer. However, last years have witnessed a rapid increase in the number of studies conducted in China and India. A good global coverage of research supports local planning and governance, and better mitigates the risk of environmental health disparities in all parts of the world.

The number of studies published globally in different year ranges (A), and the spatial distribution of studies in different world regions using the same year ranges for the bars (B). The locations of individual study sites are indicated as points on the map (B). Source: Poom et al. 2021

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Warm reflections from the course GEOG-326 on accessibility and human mobility research

Time flies – the course “GEOG-326 Quantitative methods for sustainable land use planning I: Accessibility & mobility analyses“, given by the researchers of the Digital Geography Lab, ended already before Christmas 2020. Yet it’s worthwhile to reflect on it!

It is heart-warming to go through the positive feedback from students regarding the course structure and balance between theory and practice, and constructive suggestions for improving the course.

The course aimed at linking the accessibility and mobility of people to sustainability, well-being and social (in)equality perspectives, exploring the potential of big data analysis approach, and studying the ways of implementing these in planning. We also focused on the impact of global crises on human mobility on the example of COVID-19.

Overall, all 35 students did a great job and received high grades, but most importantly, it was rewarding to see students getting motivated and inspired, and developing their skills and ideas during the course.

The final output of the course was an independent group work that was presented in the form of an academic poster. Me, Elias and Tuuli found the final poster presentation session excellent! Thus, we are delighted to share the posters here 🙂

Check out and get inspired!

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Etsimme tutkijatohtoria tai tohtorikoulutettavaa!

Briefly in English: We are sharing an announcement for a post-doc/PhD student position at Digital Geography Lab and Ruralia Institute. The position benefits from the knowledge of Finnish language and hence is published in Finnish only.

Ja sitten suomeksi:

Kiinnostaako monipaikkaisuus, aluekehitys ja ihmisten liikkuvuus? Haluaisitko tietää, miten erilaisten digitaalisten aineistojen avulla voi monipaikkaisuutta tarkastella tai miten COVID-19 pandemia on vaikuttanut kakkosasuntojen käyttöä Suomessa?

Ruralia-instituutti ja Digital Geography Lab yhteiistyössä hakee tutkijatohtoria/tohtorikoulutettavaa hankkeeseen ”Monipaikkaisen asumisen rytmit”.

Tehtävät käsittävät digitaalisten massa-aineistojen (mm. rakennusten sähkönkäytön, matkapuhelinverkon ja Twitter aineistoja) hallinnointia, prosessointia ja analysointia. Hakijalta edellytetään riittäviä geoinformatiikan taitoja analyysien tekoon, massa-aineistojen käsittelyyn vaativaa osaamista (Python, R, PostgreSQL) ja tilastollista osaamista. Suurteholaskennan kokemus katsotaan eduksi.

Tarkemmat hakuohjeet löytyvät täältä.

Hakuaika päättyy 22.3.2021, ole nopea!

Lisätietoja saa: akatemiatutkija Olle Järv olle.jarv(at)helsinki.fi ja professori Tuuli Toivonen, tuuli.toivonen(at)helsinki.fi

Two new papers out on cycling!

We have published two new articles on cycling! 

What do trip data reveal about bike-sharing system users‘ was published in Journal of Transport Geography.

Highlights:

    • As cities strive to foster cycling, bike-sharing systems (BSS) have become increasingly common.
    • We used bike-sharing trip data from Helsinki and looked at user profiles and usage patterns. We also focused on the possibilities of BSS trip data.
    • The bike-sharing system in Helsinki has been actively used even in international comparison, but our results point toward challenges in BSS inclusivity in Helsinki in 2017. Most use was contributed by a limited group of ‘super-users’.
    • BSS trip data provides opportunities to understanding BSS user profiles & patterns. By being well available, unlike many other cycling data sources, and automatically collected, trip data can save resources, facilitates longitudinal research and reveals observed behaviour.

Willberg E., Salonen M., Toivonen T. (2021). What do trip data reveal about bike-sharing system users? Journal of Transport Geography. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966692321000247

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WE ARE RECRUITING! Doctoral student with an interest in Big Data analytics, human mobility & social interaction

Are you interested in geoinformatics, big data and social media analytics? Are you curious about the phenomena of human mobility, cross-border mobilities and social interactions of people and transnational people? If yes, check this open four-year doctoral student position at the Digital Geography Lab starting from March 2021 or as agreed with the selected applicant!

We are looking for an enthusiastic, innovative, and highly motivated doctoral student with strong technical knowledge and skills to join our interdisciplinary research group Digital Geography Lab and work in the Academy of Finland-funded project BORDERSPACE – Tracing Interactions and Mobilities Beyond State Borders: Towards New Transnational Spaces.

The doctoral project has three objectives. First, to develop methodologies for quantifying human mobility and activity spaces across country borders based on social media data (Twitter). Second, to develop quantitative methodologies for uncovering activity practices of social media users and their feeling of belonging based on the content of their social media posts. Third, to conduct critical research on dynamic cross-border mobility flows derived from big data, integration of transnational people through their cross-border mobilities and social interactions, and how these are influenced by external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

The successful applicant is expected to have strong fluency in programming (Python or R), experience in advanced spatial analytics and/or social media content analysis, and has worked with big data sources such as mobile phone, smart card and social media data. Prior experience in publishing research in academic journals, participating in research community and having a network of international scholars is an asset.

Read more about the position announcement and apply HERE. The deadline is January 31st 2021.

For further information, please contact Academy Research Fellow Olle Järv, olle.jarv(at)helsinki.fi.

Vuokko’s lectio 9.12.2020

User-generated Geographic Information for Understanding Human Activities in Nature

Lectio Praecursoria, in the public examination of MSc Vuokko Heikinheimo’s doctoral dissertation
the 9th of December 2020

 

Nature contributes to human well-being in countless ways. Many of us enjoy spending time in nature, going for a walk or a picnic and observing species and seasons. Nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation are evident examples of direct benefits of nature to people.

National parks are protected areas that are dedicated to safeguarding biodiversity and providing people the opportunity to enjoy nature.

Urban green spaces include the network of parks, forests and other green areas in the urban structure. Green spaces in cities offer opportunities for contact to nature in our everyday lives while protecting urban biodiversity.

We are also willing to travel far in order to experience and enjoy nature. In many places, visitors of protected areas – both domestic and international – are a significant source of income for park management and local communities. Information about protected area visitors is important for planning and management on regional, national and international scales.

The ongoing pandemic has emphasized the importance of access to green spaces in everyday life.

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Inaugural lecture by Professor Toivonen

Tuuli Toivonen is now a full professor in geoinformatics at the Faculty of Science!

Newly appointed  professors at the University of Helsinki are celebrated twice a year. As part of these celebrations, the professors hold an inaugural lecture.  This autumn, all festivities were (understandably) held online which allowed everyone interested to watch these lessons online.You can watch Tuuli’s lecture in here (Finnish audio, Finnish and English subtitles available):

Congrats once more to Tuuli!

Joelin lektio 27.11.2020

Alueiden suojeluarvottaminen kaupunki- ja maakuntatason maankäytön suunnittelun tueksi

FM Joel Jalkasen Lectio praecursoria -puhe 27.11.2020
Public defence of Joel Jalkanen's PhD thesis
The opponent (Professor Niina Käyhkö), the custos (Professor Tuuli Toivonen) and the doctoral candidate (MSc Joel Jalkanen) in Athena hall 107 on 27th of November 2020

Arvoisa kustos, arvoisa vastaväittäjä, hyvät kuulijat

Me ihmiset aiheutamme toimillamme paraikaa massasukupuuttoa, joka uhkaa suurta osaa maailman elämästä. Tällä hetkellä selkeästi suurin uhka maapallon lajistolle on se, että ihmiskuntamme tuhoaa elinympäristöjä omien tarpeidensa alta.

Eri lähteistä toistuva viesti on selkeä ja kiistaton: tapamme käyttää maata on kestämätön.

Kuvaamani ongelma kilpistyy hyvin oheiseen kuvaan. Luonto esiintyy paikassa, ja samoin ihmisten intressit esimerkiksi ruuantuotantoon tai kaupunkien rakentamiseen kohdistuvat usein paikkaan. Siellä, missä toinen haluaisi perustaa luonnon puolesta suojelualueen, näkee toinen hyvän paikan uudelle asuinalueelle.

Tätä ristiriitaa ratkotaan maankäytön suunnittelulla. Siinä sovitellaan erilaisia paikkoihin kohdistuvia tarpeita ja intressejä ja tarkastellaan, miten niitä voidaan saavuttaa rajallisen fyysisen tilan puitteissa.

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New paper out: Spatial prioritization for accessibility of urban parks

In our recent paper published in Applied Geography, we combine travel time modeling with spatial conservation prioritization to identify green areas that best serve the recreational use. We consider equitable access between urban dwellers, the need for various types of parks, and the use of various transport modes. The paper puts together approaches from conservation planning and accessibility research to support land-use planning decisions.

Green areas are important for urban residents. But how to prioritize between them? (Image by Angelo Giordano from Pixabay.com)

 

 

Spatial (conservation) prioritization is a way to identify “less” to “more important” places for conservation or other land uses based on multiple criteria. The outputs of the prioritization can be useful for locating optimal places for protection, for instance, or in our case, recreation. One of the major principles in spatial prioritization is complementarity, i.e. the attempt to secure the existence of all species and habitats (or, whatever is used as input data) in the prioritization process.

A spatial prioritization software Zonation, developed at the University of Helsinki, works as follows: It first takes the full study area under examination and checks how widely-distributed different input features are (be it multiple species, for example). It then takes away a small bit of the area; namely, the bit that corresponds the least to the total biodiversity in the area. Such areas would only harbor few species that are generally widely distributed. Zonation repeats these steps, checking the distributions and removing the least valuable areas, until the entire target area is completely ranked. The prioritization process is based on a ‘Robin Hood algorithm’ that always tries to take away from those species that have the most available areas at the corresponding iteration. This principle of complementarity results in high coverage of protected features compared to more traditional hotspot approach.

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Reflections on the 8th Nordic-Baltic Migration Conference

The second panel ”New Challenges in Cross-Border Mobility, Nordic-Baltic Region” in the Nordic-Baltic Migration Conference in Tallinn, Estonia

Olle Järv from the Digital Geography Lab attended as an expert panellist in the Nordic-Baltic Migration Conference “Cross-border Mobility in the Nordic-Baltic Region organized by the Nordic Council of Ministers’ Office in Tallinn, Estonia on September 18, 2020. Olle participated in the second panel ”New Challenges in Cross-Border Mobility, Nordic-Baltic Region” together with Uffe Palludan (Palludan Fremtidsforskning), Jonas Wendel (Nordic Council of Ministers’), Rolle Alho (Uni Helsinki), and Saara Pellander as a moderator (Migration Institute of Finland). In the panel, Olle briefly introduced his BORDERSPACE research project on cross-border mobility and transnational people, and how these research topics benefit from novel data sources such as social media and mobile phone data.

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