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ABOUT
Team 2 examines the processes of transmission of biblical texts and the scribal practices prior to the stabilization of the text of the Hebrew Bible (HB). The sources are the manuscripts from Qumran (2^nd BCE–1^st c. CE), the Septuagint (Greek translation of the HB, 3^rd–2^nd c. BCE), and the later standard text (Masoretic text, 2^nd c. CE onwards). Observation of changes in textual witnesses until fairly late (1^st BCE–1^st CE) raises questions concerning the development of scriptural authority and the immutability of authoritative writings. The group provides case studies on the Pentateuch, historical books, Jeremiah, Minor Prophets, and Psalms. The method is textual criticism understood broadly and complemented with the translation technical approach, which enables the use of translations as witnesses of the HB. The status of these texts is studied through their use as sources in other writings of Second Temple Judaism and the New Testament (intertextuality, rewriting, exegesis).

MEMBERS

Team Leader
	Anneli Aejmelaeus, Professor emerita in Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Culture and Literature anneli.aejmelaeus@helsinki.fi Expertise: Textual criticism of the Septuagint as well as of the Hebrew Bible, translation-technique and origins of the Septuagint, emergence of textual authority and formation of the canon Profiles: University of Helsinki

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Vice-Team Leader
	Tuukka Kauhanen, Senior Member tuukka.kauhanen@helsinki.fi Project: The Septuagint of 2 Samuel Expertise: Textual criticism; Samuel-Kings; Septuagint; Latin witnesses; indirect evidence Profiles: University of Helsinki   |   Academia.edu

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Researchers
	Jessi Orpana, Post-Doctoral Researcher jessi.orpana@helsinki.fi Project: Transferring Authority: Literary Strategies of Authorization and Contemporizing in Late Second Temple Period Expertise: Second Temple Judaism, Qumran, Apocrypha, Pseudepigrapha, Reception of Traditions Profile: University of Helsinki

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Katja Kujanpää, Post-Doctoral Researcher katja.kujanpaa@helsinki.fi Project: Scriptures and Authority in the Identity Formation of Early Christians Expertise: Scriptural authority; Intertextuality; Paul; 1 and 2 Clement; The Septuagint Profile: University of Helsinki Interview: Silmät auki sitaateille: Haastattelussa Katja Kujanpää

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Paavo Huotari, Doctoral Student paavo.huotari@helsinki.fi Project: The Antiochian Recension in the Book of 2 Samuel; The Septuagint of 2 Samuel Expertise: Textual criticism; Intertextuality; Septuagint; The Books of Samuel Profile: University of Helsinki | Academia.edu

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Marika Pulkkinen, Doctoral Student marika.pulkkinen@helsinki.fi Project: Paul’s Use of Psalms: Quotations, Allusions, and Psalm Clusters in Romans and First Corinthians Expertise: Paul; Reception of psalms, Septuagint translation of the Psalms; Dead Sea Scrolls psalms manuscripts; Use of psalms and prayers in the late Second Temple Judaism; Intertextuality. Profile: University of Helsinki

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Christian Seppänen, Post-Doctoral Researcher christian.seppanen@helsinki.fi Project: Ethiopic Text of 2 Samuel Expertise: Dead Sea Scrolls; Septuagint; Textual Criticism; Manuscripts; Translation Technique; Hebrew and Greek Linguistics Profiles: University of Helsinki | Academia.edu

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Miika Tucker, Doctoral Student miika.tucker@helsinki.fi Project: The Septuagint Translation of Jeremiah Expertise: The Book of Jeremiah; Textual criticism; Septuagint Studies; Translation technique Profile: University of Helsinki

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

Hanne von Weissenberg, Associate Member hanne.vonweissenberg@helsinki.fi Expertise: Dead Sea Scrolls; Formation of the canon and canonical processes; Authority and sacrality of scriptures; The Twelve Minor Prophets; Poverty and justice in the Hebrew Bible Profiles: University of Helsinki | Academia.edu Interview: Dosentti päivystää henkimaailman asioita: Haastattelussa Hanne von Weissenberg

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Elina Perttilä, Associate Member elina.perttila@helsinki.fi Project: Coptic Versions of the Book of Job Expertise: Coptic Language; Septuagint; Translation Technique Profile: University of Helsinki

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Marketta Liljeström, Associate Member marketta.liljestrom@helsinki.fi Project: The Syrohexaplaric 1 Samuel Expertise: Syriac Language; Textual Criticism; Septuagint Profile: University of Helsinki

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Drew Longacre, Associate Member University of Groningen d.g.longacre@rug.nl Project: Fragmentary Greek Manuscripts of the Book of Exodus Expertise: Dead Sea Scrolls; Septuagint; Textual Criticism; Manuscript Studies Profiles: University of Groningen | Academia.edu