Simo Laakkonen: Grey Waves – the introduction of environmental protection
in Finland. In Harmaat aallot – ympäristönsuojelun tulo Suomeen. Simo Laakkonen, Sari Laurila, Marjatta Rahikainen (Eds.), Suomen Historiallinen Seura, Vammala 1999: 229-236..

An unhistorical environment

The environmental movement is generally claimed to have evolved from the conservation movement in the 1960s. It is often maintained that environmental protection was preceded by an era of conservation of nature that already began in the 19th century. The German Heimat movement started European conservationism, seeking to preserve the authentic natural surroundings and natural monuments of one